Potensi Suseptibilitas Magnetik dalam Monitoring Polusi Sedimen Sungai: Suatu Kajian Literatur
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Published:
Oct 31, 2025
Keywords:
sedimen sungai, suseptibilitas magnetik, sifat mineral magnetik, polusi
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Abstract
A literature review of the magnetic mineral properties of river sediments using magnetic susceptibility parameters was conducted to assess their potential for pollution monitoring. This study analyzed 28 articles published in journals/proceedings related to the topic of magnetic susceptibility of river sediments. Based on the results of the literature review, the magnetic susceptibility values of river sediments show a high range. This means that with such (high) susceptibility values, river sediments are ferrimagnetic. Information obtained from magnetic susceptibility data of river sediments indicates a high Fe content. We also describe that there are frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility (χFD) values of more than 2 % in river sediments containing superparamagnetic grains (fine grains). River sediments with high susceptibility values and high Fe content can indicate that the river has been polluted.
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Pangkey, M. G., Virgin, M., Sayenne Givenshe Pungus, Derek, G., Lucas, B. R., Loding, I. E. A., & Tiwow, V. A. (2025). Potensi Suseptibilitas Magnetik dalam Monitoring Polusi Sedimen Sungai: Suatu Kajian Literatur. Jurnal FisTa Fisika Dan Terapannya, 6(2), 114-122. https://doi.org/10.67006/fista.v6i2.539
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References
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Noya, Y., Bijaksana, S., Fajar, S. J., Suryanata, P. B., Harlianti, U., Ibrahim, K., Suandayani, N. K. T., Multi, W., & Bahri, S. (2024). Magnetic Susceptibility in the Assessment of Toxic Heavy Metal Elements in the Surface Sediments of Inner Ambon Bay, Maluku Province, Indonesia. Heliyon, 10(6):e27497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27497
Rong, S., Wu, J., Liu, J., Li, Q., Ren, C., & Cao, X. (2023). Environmental Magnetic Characteristics and Heavy Metal Pollution Assessment of Sediments in the Le’an Rver, China. Minerals, 13(2):145. https://doi.org/10.3390/min13020145
Sambolangi, A., Bastian, F., Bone, Y. A., Rampe, M. J., & Tiwow, V. A. (2024). Magnetic Susceptibility and Heavy Metal Contamination in Bat Cave Guano in the Karst Area Rammang-Rammang Maros, Indonesia. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2799(1):020133. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0183084
Sasmita, A., Rifai, H., Putra, R., Aisyah, N., Phua, M., Eisele, S., Forni, F., & De La Maisonneuve, C. B. (2020). Identification of Magnetic Minerals in the Peatlands Cores from Lake Diatas West Sumatra, Indonesia. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1481(1):012019. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1481/1/012019
Sudarningsih, S., Ibrahim, I., & Manik, T. N. (2024). Kajian Morfologi Mineral Magnetik Tanah Permukaan dari Daerah Industri di Banjarmasin. Jurnal Pendidikan, Sains, Geologi, Dan Geofisika (GeoScienceEd Journal), 6(1):70–74. https://doi.org/10.29303/goescienceed.v6i1.434
Sudarningsih, S., Pratama, A., Bijaksana, S., Fahruddin, F., Zanuddin, A., Salim, A., Abdillah, H., Rusnadi, M., & Mariyanto, M. (2023). Magnetic Susceptibility and Heavy Metal Contents in Sediments of Riam Kiwa, Riam Kanan and Martapura rivers, Kalimantan Selatan Province, Indonesia. Heliyon, 9(6):e16425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16425
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Tiwow, V. A., Arsyad, M., Palloan, P., Sulistiawaty, Rampe, M. J., Rampe, H. L., & Rampengan, A. M. (2025). Estimation of Mineralogical, Morphological, and Magnetic Properties of the Mineral Sediments of Guano Caves in the Karst Area. Journal of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 60(2):275–285. https://doi.org/10.59957/jctm.v60.i2.2025.9
Tiwow, V. A., & Rampe, M. J. (2022). Studi Suseptibilitas Magnetik Bergantung Frekuensi pada Sedimen Sungai Kota Makassar. Jurnal Fisika Unand, 11(4):474–481. https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu.11.4.474-481.2022
Tiwow, V. A., Rampe, M. J., & Sulistiawaty, S. (2022). Suseptibilitas magnetik dan konsentrasi logam berat sedimen Sungai Tallo di Makassar. Jurnal Ilmiah Sains, 22(1):60–66. https://doi.org/10.35799/jis.v22i1.38681
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Tiwow, V. A., Sandi, I. A., Fauzan, M. F. A., Fitriani, Sambolangi, A., Rampe, M. J., Palloan, P., Sulistiawaty, & Rampe, H. L. (2024). Study of Magnetic Mineral Properties of Bat Cave Guano in the Rammang-Rammang Karst Area Using X-Ray Diffraction Method and its Potential as Organic Fertilizer. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2799(1):020132. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0183091
Tiwow, V. A., Subaer, Sulistiawaty, Malago, J. D., Rampe, M. J., & Lapa, M. (2021). Magnetic Susceptibility of Surface Sediment in the Tallo Tributary of Makassar City. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1899(1):012124. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1899/1/012124
Togibasa, O., Akbar, M., Pratama, A., & Bijaksana, S. (2019). Distribution of Magnetic Susceptibility of Natural Iron Sand in the Sarmi Coast Area. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1204(1):012074. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1204/1/012074
Togibasa, O., Bijaksana, S., & Novala, G. C. (2018). Magnetic Properties of Iron Sand from the Tor River Estuary, Sarmi, Papua. Geosciences, 8(4):113. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences8040113
Wardhani, E., Manova, N. A., & Irmansyah, A. Z. (2024). Assessment of the Level of Heavy Metal Pollution in the River Sediments Near the Landfill Area. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1388(1):012040. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1388/1/012040
Yunginger, R., Supu, I., Zulaikah, S., Wijaya, A., Ramadani, A. I. W. S., & Mariyanto, M. (2022). Investigasi Sumber Mineral Magnetik pada Sedimen Sungai Biyonga Sebagai Inlet Danau Limboto Menggunakan Parameter Suseptibilitas Magnetik. Positron, 12(1):18–28. https://doi.org/10.26418/positron.v12i1.50470
Zhang, J., Li, D., Wang, Y., Liu, X., Wu, B., Liu, B., Wang, Y., Liu, Z., Zhou, X., Kang, X., Wang, P., & Liu, J. (2023). Magnetic and Grain-Size Properties of the Weihe River Sediments Reveal Runoff Changes in the Holocene. Journal of Water and Climate Change, 14(5):1620–1637. https://doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2023.491
Zulaikah, S., Juliansyah, A., Hasan, M. F. R., Iswanto, B. H., Mariyanto, M., Tanjung, A., Bijaksana, S., & Hirt, A. M. (2023). Magnetic Susceptibility and Hydrogen Cyanide Levels as Proxy Indicator for Gold Mining Pollution in River Sediment. Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology, 31(6):2689–2702. https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.31.6.03
Anis, N., Kumar, A., & Kumar Arya, A. (2023). Assessment of Concentration and Distribution of Contaminants Using Magnetic Susceptibility Measurements. Pollution, 9(1):139–149. https://doi.org/10.22059/poll.2022.341263.1488
Arsyad, M., Tiwow, V. A., Rampe, M. J., & Rampe, H. L. (2022). Relationships of Magnetic Properties and Heavy Metals Content of Guano in Bat Cave, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Karbala International Journal of Modern Science, 8(3):406–414. https://doi.org/10.33640/2405-609X.3254
Fauzan, M. F. A., Sandi, I. A., Caprian, M. D., Rampe, M. J., Palloan, P., & Tiwow, V. A. (2024). A Review of the Magnetic Susceptibility of Landfill Leachate as an Indicator Proxy of Heavy Metal Pollution. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2799(1):020141. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0183088
Fitriani, Fauzan, M. F. A., Rahmad, Sulistiawaty, Rampe, M. J., Rampe, H. L., & Tiwow, V. A. (2024). A Review of the Potential of Magnetic Susceptibility Methods for Monitoring the Feasibility of Soil Fertility for Horticultural Crops Cultivation in Indonesia. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2799(1):020142. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0183087
Kirana, K. H., Darmawan, R., Shafaria, M., Fitriani, D., Agustine, E., Tamuntuan, G. H., & Rosandi, Y. (2024). Magnetic Susceptibility and Heavy Metal Content of Sediments in the Upstream Citarik River. Proceedings of the 9th Mathematics, Science, and Computer Science Education International Seminar (MSCEIS 2023), Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 860:256–264. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-283-5_25
Kirana, K. H., Ghazali, M., Septiana, L. A. E. S., Fitriani, D., Agustine, E., Fajar, S. J., & Nugraha, M. G. (2020). Karakterisasi Mineral Magnetik Sedimen Sungai Citarum Hilir Melalui Analisa Sifat Magnetik, Mineralogi serta Morfologi Magnetik. Positron, 10(2):131–139. https://doi.org/10.26418/positron.v10i2.42143
Legowo, B., Putra, S., Purwanto, H., Rifai, H., Suryanto, W., & Purnama, B. (2023). Magnetic Properties of Ancient Sediments Bengawan Solo, Central Java-East Java, Indonesia. Trends in Sciences, 20(5):6626. https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2023.6626
Mariyanto, M., Amir, M. F., Utama, W., Hamdan, A. M., Bijaksana, S., Pratama, A., Yunginger, R., & Sudarningsih, S. (2019). Heavy Metal Contents and Magnetic Properties of Surface Sediments in Volcanic and Tropical Environment from Brantas River, Jawa Timur Province, Indonesia. Science of the Total Environment, 675:632–641. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.244
Noya, Y., Bijaksana, S., Fajar, S. J., Suryanata, P. B., Harlianti, U., Ibrahim, K., Suandayani, N. K. T., Multi, W., & Bahri, S. (2024). Magnetic Susceptibility in the Assessment of Toxic Heavy Metal Elements in the Surface Sediments of Inner Ambon Bay, Maluku Province, Indonesia. Heliyon, 10(6):e27497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27497
Rong, S., Wu, J., Liu, J., Li, Q., Ren, C., & Cao, X. (2023). Environmental Magnetic Characteristics and Heavy Metal Pollution Assessment of Sediments in the Le’an Rver, China. Minerals, 13(2):145. https://doi.org/10.3390/min13020145
Sambolangi, A., Bastian, F., Bone, Y. A., Rampe, M. J., & Tiwow, V. A. (2024). Magnetic Susceptibility and Heavy Metal Contamination in Bat Cave Guano in the Karst Area Rammang-Rammang Maros, Indonesia. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2799(1):020133. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0183084
Sasmita, A., Rifai, H., Putra, R., Aisyah, N., Phua, M., Eisele, S., Forni, F., & De La Maisonneuve, C. B. (2020). Identification of Magnetic Minerals in the Peatlands Cores from Lake Diatas West Sumatra, Indonesia. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1481(1):012019. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1481/1/012019
Sudarningsih, S., Ibrahim, I., & Manik, T. N. (2024). Kajian Morfologi Mineral Magnetik Tanah Permukaan dari Daerah Industri di Banjarmasin. Jurnal Pendidikan, Sains, Geologi, Dan Geofisika (GeoScienceEd Journal), 6(1):70–74. https://doi.org/10.29303/goescienceed.v6i1.434
Sudarningsih, S., Pratama, A., Bijaksana, S., Fahruddin, F., Zanuddin, A., Salim, A., Abdillah, H., Rusnadi, M., & Mariyanto, M. (2023). Magnetic Susceptibility and Heavy Metal Contents in Sediments of Riam Kiwa, Riam Kanan and Martapura rivers, Kalimantan Selatan Province, Indonesia. Heliyon, 9(6):e16425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16425
Szczepaniak-Wnuk, I., Górka-Kostrubiec, B., Dytłow, S., Szwarczewski, P., Kwapuliński, P., & Karasiński, J. (2020). Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Vistula River (Poland) Sediments by Using Magnetic Methods. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27:24129–24144. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-08608-4/Published
Tiwow, V. A., Arsyad, M., Palloan, P., Sulistiawaty, Rampe, M. J., Rampe, H. L., & Rampengan, A. M. (2025). Estimation of Mineralogical, Morphological, and Magnetic Properties of the Mineral Sediments of Guano Caves in the Karst Area. Journal of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 60(2):275–285. https://doi.org/10.59957/jctm.v60.i2.2025.9
Tiwow, V. A., & Rampe, M. J. (2022). Studi Suseptibilitas Magnetik Bergantung Frekuensi pada Sedimen Sungai Kota Makassar. Jurnal Fisika Unand, 11(4):474–481. https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu.11.4.474-481.2022
Tiwow, V. A., Rampe, M. J., & Sulistiawaty, S. (2022). Suseptibilitas magnetik dan konsentrasi logam berat sedimen Sungai Tallo di Makassar. Jurnal Ilmiah Sains, 22(1):60–66. https://doi.org/10.35799/jis.v22i1.38681
Tiwow, V. A., Rampe, M. J., Susanto, A., Sulistiawaty, Palloan, P., & Saputra, M. R. (2023). Karakterisasi Mineral Magnetik Sedimen Sungai Jeneberang Berdasarkan Analisis Morfologi Magnetik. Seminar Nasional Hasil Penelitian Edisi 7:1399–1405.
Tiwow, V. A., Sandi, I. A., Fauzan, M. F. A., Fitriani, Sambolangi, A., Rampe, M. J., Palloan, P., Sulistiawaty, & Rampe, H. L. (2024). Study of Magnetic Mineral Properties of Bat Cave Guano in the Rammang-Rammang Karst Area Using X-Ray Diffraction Method and its Potential as Organic Fertilizer. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2799(1):020132. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0183091
Tiwow, V. A., Subaer, Sulistiawaty, Malago, J. D., Rampe, M. J., & Lapa, M. (2021). Magnetic Susceptibility of Surface Sediment in the Tallo Tributary of Makassar City. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1899(1):012124. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1899/1/012124
Togibasa, O., Akbar, M., Pratama, A., & Bijaksana, S. (2019). Distribution of Magnetic Susceptibility of Natural Iron Sand in the Sarmi Coast Area. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1204(1):012074. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1204/1/012074
Togibasa, O., Bijaksana, S., & Novala, G. C. (2018). Magnetic Properties of Iron Sand from the Tor River Estuary, Sarmi, Papua. Geosciences, 8(4):113. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences8040113
Wardhani, E., Manova, N. A., & Irmansyah, A. Z. (2024). Assessment of the Level of Heavy Metal Pollution in the River Sediments Near the Landfill Area. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1388(1):012040. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1388/1/012040
Yunginger, R., Supu, I., Zulaikah, S., Wijaya, A., Ramadani, A. I. W. S., & Mariyanto, M. (2022). Investigasi Sumber Mineral Magnetik pada Sedimen Sungai Biyonga Sebagai Inlet Danau Limboto Menggunakan Parameter Suseptibilitas Magnetik. Positron, 12(1):18–28. https://doi.org/10.26418/positron.v12i1.50470
Zhang, J., Li, D., Wang, Y., Liu, X., Wu, B., Liu, B., Wang, Y., Liu, Z., Zhou, X., Kang, X., Wang, P., & Liu, J. (2023). Magnetic and Grain-Size Properties of the Weihe River Sediments Reveal Runoff Changes in the Holocene. Journal of Water and Climate Change, 14(5):1620–1637. https://doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2023.491
Zulaikah, S., Juliansyah, A., Hasan, M. F. R., Iswanto, B. H., Mariyanto, M., Tanjung, A., Bijaksana, S., & Hirt, A. M. (2023). Magnetic Susceptibility and Hydrogen Cyanide Levels as Proxy Indicator for Gold Mining Pollution in River Sediment. Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology, 31(6):2689–2702. https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.31.6.03